[147][148], After initial success, the situation of the Greek army was increasingly precarious in Anatolia. [117], With the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the deposition of Nicholas II, Constantine I and Sophia had lost the last of their supporters in the Triple Entente. [44][45] In addition, she was one of the founders of the Greek Animal Protection Society. However, her new maternity helped keep her from feeling sorry for herself. She remained orthodox, but also attended Anglican offices when she had the chance. [28], Sophia had difficulties adjusting to her new life. In fact, a heated argument between the two young women erupted after Alice sent, without requesting permission from Sophia, nurses dependent on the Crown Princess to Thessaloniki. [76] [163][164], Sophia, now Dowager Queen, left Southern Italy with her daughters Irene and Katherine and moved to Tuscany, in the Villa Bobolina[u] of Fiesole. However, the Greek government refused to allow Sophia to return to Greece: they feared that the loyalists would benefit from the presence of the Queen in Athens to organize action against them. the union of all Greeks in the same state. 1133 SophieDorotheavonPreussen02, https://www.alamy.com/portrait-of-sophia-dorothea-of-hanover-1687-1757-queen-of-prussia-contemporary-1133-sophiedorotheavonpreussen02-image185707130.html. Princess Friederike-Luise (1714-1784) married her Hohenzollern kinsman Karl-Wilhelm-Friedrich, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach. However, the King faced with the opposition of his Staff and, in particular, Ioannis Metaxas, who threatened to resign if Greece entered the war because the country didn't have the means, used that opposition as an excuse to refuse his country's participation in the campaign, even though the Allies offered great advantages for Greece in return for its participation. By marriage, she was a Margravine of Brandenburg-Schwedt. Sophia of Prussia (Sophie Dorothea Ulrike Alice, Greek: Σοφία; 14 June 1870 – 13 January 1932) was Queen consort of the Hellenes during 1913–1917 and 1920–1922. He belonged to the House of Hohenzollern, and was the youngest son of King Friedrich-Wilhelm I of Prussia by his wife, Queen Sophia Dorothea. The construction of the palace, led by architect, The couple's income was fairly modest but Sophia's marriage contract, however, guaranteed a comfortable existence. [42] In 1896, the Crown Princess also founded the Union of Greek Women, a particularly active organization in the field of assistance to refugees from the Ottoman Empire. The biological father of his daughter Princess Friederike-Luise, who was born in 1770, may not have been the daughter of Prince August-Ferdinand, but May have been the daughter of his wife through her affair with Count Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Schmettau. Princess Louisa-Ulrica (1720-1782), the consort of King Adolph-Friedrich of Sweden. However, it was during the wars which Greece faced during the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century that Sophia showed the most social activity: she founded field hospitals, oversaw the training of Greek nurses, and healed wounded soldiers. Being staunch liberals, they lived away from the Berlin court and suffered the intrigues of a very conservative Chancellor Otto von Bismarck and members of the House of Hohenzollern. The Greek royal family was delighted by the news, because the announcement of the conversion would be popular among the Greeks. [d] They were third cousins in descent from Paul I of Russia, and second cousins once removed through Frederick William III of Prussia. August 1802, war das 13. To show that he didn't obey the army, he restored the members of the royal family to their military duties and the Diadochos thus again became Chief of the Staff. [33][34], Though the news of her conversion was greeted calmly by most members of her family, Sophia feared the reaction of Emperor William II, who took his status as Head of the Evangelical State Church of Prussia's older Provinces very seriously and hated disobedience more than anything. Princess Elisabeth-Louise would die seven years later, on February 10, 1820. [93], At the outbreak of World War I on 4 August 1914 Sophia was in Eastbourne with several of her children while her husband and their daughter Helen were the only representatives of the dynasty still present in Athens. . On 3 October, in order to force the King to react, the Prime Minister called on the Allied Powers to occupy the port of Thessaloniki but Constantine I left the city when the French, Italian and British forces landed in the city. The Queen watched their growing relationship, writing "Is there a chance of Sophie's marrying Tino? [69] At the same time, French soldiers were called to reorganize the Greek army, which threatened both Sophia and her husband, as they helped develop republican ideas within the militia. [46], However, it was during the wars that Greece suffered during late 19th early 20th century that Sophie showed the most social activity. A few months later, in the summer of 1901, Sophie went to Friedrichshof to look after her mother, whose health continued to decline. Prince Friedrich-Heinrich-Ludwig; (1726-1802), commonly known as Heinrich was a Prince of Prussia and the younger brother of Friedrich II the Great. Prince Heinrich of Prussia (1726–1802). They then traveled to Crete to meet the Head of government of the island, Eleftherios Venizelos, and offered him the post of Prime Minister of Greece. In France, it was feared that the arrival of a Prussian princess in Athens would switch the Kingdom of Greece to the side of the Triple Alliance. The population officially protested against the transfer of the Serbian army to Corfu and then to Thessaloniki. Still, the situation became even more difficult. "[37], Sophia officially converted on 2 May 1891;[38] however, the imperial sentence was ultimately never implemented. Sophia Dorothea was a pretty and vivacious young woman, but her boorish husband ignored her, prefering to spend his time with his mistresses. Their relationship was not happy, and eventually they lived in separate places: Sophie lived in the castle Montplaisir near the residence, and the Margrave lived in the castle of Schwedt. Fichier:Sophia Dorothea of Prussia, margravine of Brandenburg-Schwedt.jpg. [78] The Queen and Crown Princess also opened a public subscription in order to create new hospitals in Athens and on the front. Mad. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. For about a month, she was the head of the Greek kingdom but her role was roughly limited to prepare the restoration of Constantine I. In Athens, the pusillanimity of the King and government was shocking, particularly to the militia. [117] With the blockade, the supply of the capital was increasingly difficult and famine began. [112][113], After these events, the attitude of the royal family to Germany changed considerably. A by-election followed in the first half of 1915, from which Venizelos emerged again victorious, having the support of the "new Greece" (namely the lands awarded to Greece by the Treaty of Bucharest) and of the most liberal, affluent and well-educated elements of the old Greece's society. Princess Sophia-Dorothea (1719-1765) Margravine of Brandenburg-Schwedt. [79][80] Very active, the princesses did not just stay in the back but also went to the center of the military operations. Your Lightboxes will appear here when you have created some. While the Diadochos and his brothers took command of Greek troops,[77] Queen Olga, Sophia, and her sisters-in-law (Marie Bonaparte, Elena Vladimirovna of Russia and Alice of Battenberg) took in charge the aid to wounded soldiers and refugees. In response to the military defeat by the Turks, a part of the Greek army, commanded by General Nikolaos Plastiras, revolted on 11 September 1922. Unfortunately for the Crown Princess, her help for the wounded soldiers was less appreciated in Greece, where the population accused the royal family, and especially Diadochos Constantine, for the loss against the Ottomans. But in 1908, the Cretan authorities unilaterally proclaimed the attachment of their island to the Kingdom of Greece. [99][103], During the King's illness period, the Triple Entente continued to put pressure on Greece to go to war alongside them. On 14 July 1916, a mysterious fire (probably a deliberate act of arson set by agents of Paris) broke out in the forest surrounding Tatoi. [62], The situation became so tense that King George I's sons had to resign from their military posts to save their father the shame of having to expelled them. [c] Nevertheless, she welcomed the happiness of her daughter and consoled herself in a voluminous correspondence with Sophie. [152][153] This was called the "Great Disaster", which was definitive a few months later with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne (24 July 1923). But King George I insisted that Germanus II, Metropolitan of Athens and Head of the Autocephalous Greek Church would instruct Sophie in the Orthodoxy, rather than his wife. Six days later, the government of Napoleon III declared war on Prussia and the states of the German Confederation offered support to Prussia, which then appeared as the victim of French imperialism. Like her mother, Sophia inculcated in her offspring the love for the United Kingdom and for several weeks every year, the family spent time in Great Britain, where she visited the beaches of Seaford and Eastbourne. Princesse Sophia Dorothea de Prusse ( allemand: Sophia Dorothea Marie von Preussen) (25 Janvier 1719-1713 Novembre 1765) était le neuvième enfant et la cinquième fille de Frédéric - Guillaume Ier de Prusse et Sophia Dorothea de Hanovre.Par le mariage, elle était margrave de Brandebourg-Schwedt. They stayed there for four years until the restoration of George II on the Greek throne in 1935. [b] Sophie often stayed in England for long periods, especially on the Isle of Wight, where she liked to collect shells with her older siblings. Moreover, the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria and even Romania had aligned themselves with Germany and, if Germany won the war, it would most certainly be at Greece's expense, given that Bulgaria's and the Ottoman Empire's winnings in land would inevitably come from Greek lands acquired in 1913, since both countries, greatly angered at the loss of Macedonia, were looking to overthrow the Treaty of Bucharest. But to defeat the enemy and achieve the Megali Idea, Greece needed allies. The Queen and her husband therefore made the decision to leave Sicily and settled in Florence. Princess Sophia-Dorothea and Prince Friedrich-Wilhelm, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt. - Gemälde von Pesne', 1934. In 1897 and at the outbreak of the Thirty Days' War against the Ottomans about the possession of Crete which ended with a humiliating Greek defeat, Sophia and other female members of the royal family actively worked with the Greek Red Cross in order to help wounded soldiers. The princess did receive from the Kingdom of Prussia a dowry of 50,000, Sophia's conversion was probably motivated because she was obliged to do so under, The Emperor and his wife considered that Sophia's conversion was responsible for the premature birth of their son. Never mind. Alexandre Desmier, seigneur d'Olbreuse, Prince Georg Philipp de Brandenburg-Schwedt (10 septembre 1741-28 avril 1742), Prince Georg Philipp Wilhelm de Brandenburg-Schwedt (3 mai 1749-13 août 1751), Cette page a été modifiée pour la dernière fois le 16 août 2020 à 08:30, This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article. [54], The couple returned to Greece in 1899 and the government of Georgios Theotokis appointed Constantine as the head of the Hellenic Staff. The staff was reorganized and supporters of the Diadochos, including Ioannis Metaxas, were expelled. Augustus died in Berlin on May 2, 1813, as the last surviving grandchild of King George I of Great Britain.

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